scratch
🇺🇸
/skrætʃ/
🇬🇧
/skrætʃ/
verb
B2
to rub your skin with your nails when it itches
He felt an itch and used his nails to scratch his arm.
他感到痒，就用指甲挠了挠胳膊。
B2
to cut or hurt your skin a little with something sharp
She got a small scratch from the thorn.
她被刺划了一道小口子。
B2
to mark or damage a surface by rubbing it with something hard
Be careful not to scratch the table with that key.
小心别用那把钥匙划伤桌子。
C1
to rub something hard to make or remove a mark
He used a stick to scratch a line in the dirt.
他用一根棍子在泥土上划了一条线。
C1
to make a rough sound by rubbing something sharp
The cat will scratch at the door when it wants to come in.
猫想进来时会用爪子抓门。
R
to earn just enough money to live, but with difficulty
Many farmers scratch out a living from small plots of land.
许多农民靠小块土地勉强维持生计。
R
to remove someone or something from an event before it starts
The injured player had to scratch from the game.
受伤的球员不得不退出比赛。
noun
B2
a mark or small cut on skin or a surface from scratching
There was a long scratch on the car door.
车门上有一道长长的划痕。
R
a rough sound made by rubbing something sharp
The scratch of the pen on paper was the only sound.
钢笔在纸上划动的沙沙声是唯一的声音。
R
the act of rubbing your skin when it itches
A good scratch can relieve the itching.
好好挠一挠可以缓解瘙痒。
adjective
R
made quickly from whatever is available
They formed a scratch team for the emergency.
他们为应对紧急情况临时组建了一支队伍。
R
without any advantage or handicap in sports
He plays as a scratch golfer with no handicap.
他作为零差点高尔夫球手参赛。
translation
（皮肤发痒时）用指甲抓挠, （被尖锐物）划伤皮肤, 刮伤或损坏表面, 用力擦拭以制造或去除痕迹, （用尖锐物摩擦）发出刺耳声, 勉强维持生计, （赛前）取消资格或退出
抓痕或划痕, 刮擦声, 抓痒
临时凑合的, （体育比赛中）无让分的
词形变化
3rd Present
scratches
Progressive
scratching
Past
scratched
Plural
scratches
Perfect
scratched